One Policy but Many Worlds: A Scalable Unified Policy
for Versatile Humanoid Locomotion

Anonymous Authors

Abstract

Humanoid locomotion faces a critical scalability challenge: traditional reinforcement learning (RL) methods require task-specific rewards and struggle to leverage growing datasets, even as more training terrains are introduced. We propose DreamPolicy, a unified framework that enables a single policy to master diverse terrains and generalize zero-shot to unseen scenarios by systematically integrating offline data and diffusion-driven motion synthesis. At its core, DreamPolicy introduces Humanoid Motion Imagery (HMI) - future state predictions synthesized through an autoregressive terrain-aware diffusion planner curated by aggregating rollouts from specialized policies across various distinct terrains. Unlike human motion datasets requiring laborious retargeting, our data directly captures humanoid kinematics, enabling the diffusion planner to synthesize "dreamed" trajectories that encode terrain-specific physical constraints. These trajectories act as dynamic objectives for our HMI-conditioned policy, bypassing manual reward engineering and enabling cross-terrain generalization. Crucially, DreamPolicy addresses the scalability limitations of prior methods: while traditional RL fails to exploit growing datasets, our framework scales seamlessly with more offline data. As the dataset expands, the diffusion prior learns richer locomotion skills, which the policy leverages to master new terrains without retraining. Experiments demonstrate that DreamPolicy achieves an average of 90% success rates in training environments and an average of 20% higher success on unseen terrains than the prevalent method. It also generalizes to perturbed and composite scenarios where prior approaches collapse. By unifying offline data, diffusion-based trajectory synthesis, and policy optimization, DreamPolicy overcomes the "one task, one policy" bottleneck, establishing a paradigm for scalable, data-driven humanoid control.

Overview

Framework of DreamPolicy. The system is decomposed into two parts: (1) Terrain-aware humanoid locomotion skill data collection, sufficient humanoid locomotion skill data on various challenging terrains will be collected; (2) DreamPolicy, training a unified policy across diverse terrains using skill data and humanoid motion imagery via Auto-Regressive Diffusion Model.


Terrain Visualization

Interpolate start reference image.

Qualitative Results in Single-Terrain Scenarios


Flat & Stair & Parkour


Bridge & Gap & Uneven


Qualitative Results in Multi-Terrain Scenarios


Qualitative Results in Unseen-Terrain Scenarios


Gap-Bridge & Wave-Bridge


Wave-Gap & Slope-Bridge